If you want to try linux checkout this article of best linux distro in 2022 .as well as check out other linux command series here

1.vim

vim is a free and open source terminal text editor that’s in use since the ’90s. It lets users to edit plain text files using efficient keybindings.

Some people thinks it is difficult to use but exiting Vim is one of the most-viewed questions but once you get used to it, it becomes your best ally in the command line.

2.suble

Its an alternate gui text editor,it is the command line command to open a file in the popular sublime text editor it is a gui text editor .but you need to install the sublime text editor to use this command

3.which

The which command prints the full path of shell commands. If it can’t recognize the given command, it’ll throw an error.

For eg, we can use this to check the folder path for Python

4.shred

If you want a file to be impossible to recover,then  shred can help you with this task. This command rewrites the contents of a file again and again until the final result becomes extremely difficult to recover.

5.whoami

The whoami command (stands for “who am i”) displays the username currently in use

6.whatis

whatis simple prints a single-line description of any other command, making it a helpful reference:

It gives a single line definition for the  command or programs .

7.wc

Wc stands for “word count,” and as the name suggests, it returns the number of words in a text document or a text file:

wc long.txt

# 37 207 1000 long.txt

Let’s breakdown the output of this command:

• 37 lines
• 207 words
• 1000 byte-size
• The name of the file (long.txt)

If you only need the number of words in the file, use the -w flag:

wc -w long.txt

8.uname

uname(short for “Unix name”) prints the operative system information, which comes in handy when you know your current Linux version.

Most of the time, you’ll be using the -a (–all) flag, since the default output isn’t that useful:

9.neofetch

Neofetch is a command-line interface tool that allows users to display information about your system — like shell,kerbal  version and hardware information — next to an ASCII logo of your Linux distro:

10.wget

World Wide Web get is a utility that allows the user to  retrieve content from the internet. It has one of the largest option flags available.

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        Hacking others without their consent is punishable by law the exception are for security reasons and ethical hacking so this article is for purely for educational purposes

WHAT IS HACKING ?

                Hacking is a process of gaining access to the host computer by exploiting weakness and security vulnerabilities in the network. There are mainly two types of hackers black hat hackers and white hat hackers .

Black hat hacker- this type of hacker hacks into the system with malicious intent like stealing information to sell or for blackmailing or just to sabatosh the system.

White hat hackers-this type of hacker hacks the system to know the weakness and tell the owner of the system / network about its weakness and help them rectify the vulnerabilities these hackers are employed by security companies as well as governments

TOOLS:

                Hacking tools are just computer programs that are used to crack or break the security of the computer system  and networks by exploiting the known vulnerabilities. There are many hacking tools created for different purposes. These tools make pentesting and hacking easy

So in this article we are going to see top 5 ethical hacking tools most of the tools are used in linux so if you want to know about linux check out the article about linux and if you want to know about what distro to use check out best distor in 2022

TOP ETHICAL HACKING TOOLS IN 2022:

This list does not follow any particular order because each tool has its own purpose

1.Nmap (Network Mapper)

    Nmap is basically a network mapper capable of discovering services and hosts on a particular network, thereby creating a network map. This software provides several features that help in searching  computer networks,and host discovery as well as detection of operating systems it runs, etc. Being script-extendible it provides advanced vulnerability detection and it can also adapt to network conditions like congestion and latency while scanning.

2.Metasploit

    Metasploit is one of the most well known frameworks and it is open-source. This is used to penetrate testing and exploit remote target in hacking  some of the features of metasploit are it is open-source as well as cross-platform

3.Aircrack-Ng

    Wireless network usage is rising, so it’s becoming very  important to keep Wi-Fi secure. Aircrack-Ng provides ethical hackers a list of command-line tools that can check and evaluate Wi-Fi network security. Aircrack-Ng specializes in attacking, monitoring, testing, and cracking. This tool supports Windows, OS X, Linux, eComStation, as well as many other operating system

4.Wireshark

    Wireshark is a great tool that is used  for analyzing data packets and can also be used to perform deep checking of a large number of established protocols. You can also export analysis reports  to many different file formats like PostScript, Plaintext, and XML CSV.

Its feature set includes offline analysis ,cross-platform support etc..

5.SQLMap

    SQLMap is an open-source tool that allows users to automate detecting and exploiting SQL Injection flaws and taking control of database servers. it can be used to connect directly with specific databases. SQLMap supports many different  SQL injection techniques

Features of sqlmap are it has a powerful detection engine ,supports execution of arbitrary commands

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1 Communication and Collaboration

    This years ios 16 improved in lot of ways in collaborating features in each of the apps 

    Messages

In iOS 16, users can finally edit or undo a recently sent message up to 15 minutes after sending it, and also they can recover recently deleted messages for up to 30 days, and pin conversations as unread to come back to them later.

When mentioning a contact name in the iMessages app, mention suggestions now include the  contact image in the Quick Tap. Apple has also revamped the voice messaging experience with a separate iMessages app.

Collaboration invitations also make it easier to work on a shared project inside the  Messages app and allows everyone in a thread to be automatically added to a spreadsheet,document or project and see any edits updates at the top of a Messages thread. This feature is compatible with all the Apple apps such as, Keynote, Numbers, reminder ,Pages, Notes,, and Safari, as well as third-party apps thanks to a Messages Collaboration API.

iOS 16 also brings SharePlay to Messages app, making it possible to enjoy synced content like watching movies or listening to songs and shared playback controls while chatting in the Messages app. Also, a new Shared with You API allows developers to build a Shared with You section on  third-party apps if the developer implemented it.

FaceTime

 FaceTime can now magically  hand off calls from the iPhone to a Mac or iPad, and vice versa. When calls are handed off to the desired devices, connected Bluetooth headsets also transition to the new device simultaneously.

Live Captions is also introduced in  FaceTime, it  allows users to automatically interpret dialogue in FaceTime calls with speaker attribution to easily follow along with group conversations.

The SharePlay app can now  allow users to see which of their favorite apps are supported by SharePlay and it can be opened from the FaceTime controls. Users can tap the Share button during an active FaceTime call to start collaborating with others on the call in Files, Keynote, Numbers, Pages, Notes, Reminders, Safari, and supported third-party apps.

Freeform

Freeform is a new app that provides a flexible canvas for outlining new projects, collecting assets, or brainstorming new ideas. Users can now write or draw anywhere on the canvas and select and move text or drawings around as needed. With multimedia support included in it, now users can embed audio, images, audio, PDFs, documents, and web page links, all with all the inline previews.

With real-time collaboration, users can now view others’ contributions as they add content and make edits. Freeform uses the Messages Collaboration API to see updates from collaborators part in Messages conversations and also users can initiate a FaceTime call directly from Freeform app.

Mail

Finally users can schedule emails ahead of time and have up to ten seconds to undo the delivery of a mail they sent before it reaches a receiver’s inbox. Mail can detect if a user forgot to include an important part from their message, like an attachment, and there are options to resurface a message at any date and time with Remind Later. Follow Up suggestions can automatically remind the users to do a follow up on an email if they have not received a response, and it can also add context and detail with rich links.

The Mail app can also receive a significant update in  iOS 16 ,by using advanced techniques for delivering more accurate, relevant results. Users can now see recent emails, documents,contacts and links the moment they begin to search for emails. Search results are also improved significantly by automatically correcting typing errors and also by using synonyms for search terms.

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Apple in WWDC 2022 previewed the latest version of the IOS,that is iOS 16 it introduces redesigned, customizable Lock Screens, the ability to edit and delete messages, improved Focus modes, an iCloud Shared Photos Library for families, major improvements for apps like Mail, Home, and Wallet, and much more.

Also improved focus mode as well as many collaborative  focused changes the feature changes are also included in the ipados 

1.LOCK SCREEN

    In iOS 16, finally users can customize their Lock Screens to their desired look and can easily switch between multiple of them by simply holding down and swiping the screen.

Users can now choose a new effect for wallpapers like the subject can be  set in front of the time and change the font of the date and type with a range of new styles and color options. A brand new  gallery displays suggestions to create custom Lock Screens,with live weather conditions, animated views of the Earth, moon, and solar system, emojis, unique backdrops, image suggestions, and many more.

It can have complication like apple watch and add widget to the lock screen

2.NOTIFICATION

    Notifications is now completely  redesigned in iOS 16 now it  rolls up from the bottom of the screen instead of the traditional way ,it is to  ensure that users have a good view of their customized  Lock Screen while being able to easily see notifications as they arrive. There are many ways to view notifications on the Lock Screen like expanded list view, count view ,stacked view, and a pinch allows users to change the layout in context.

3.Live Activities

    Live Activities is a new feature in ios 16  that helps users keep track of things that are happening in real-time, such as a sports game, workout, ride-share, or food delivery order, directly from the Lock Screen. Instead of a new notification for every update it updates in real time it takes the form of a card at the bottom of the Lock Screen that persists for as long as the activity occurs.

3.IMPROVED FOCUS MODE 

    Focus mode was first  introduced with iOS 15 last year and now it has been expanded and refined in iOS 16, iPadOS 16, watchOS 9, and macOS Ventura. Accompanying the redesigned customizable Lock Screen now the users can now set each Focus mode to have a linked Lock Screen. In addition to all of the existing ways to activate a Focus mode, like in Control Center or via automations, iPhone users can now choose between Lock Screens to enable a different set  Focus mode.

iOS 16 suggests Home Screen and Lock Screen set up  with apps, wallpapers, and widgets when users set up a Focus mode, and users can also directly tie an Apple Watch face to a specific Focus mode. The process of setting up a Focus mode has been improved  with a personalized setup experience for each option.

One of the biggest additions to Focus mode  in iOS 16 is Focus filters. Focus filters allow users to set limits  within apps like Mail,calendar  ,safari, and messages to only display relevant content, such as a particular Tab Group in Safari,or set of calendars  events in the Calendar app, With a new Focus filter API, developers can build this functionality into their apps and change content based on a user’s current Focus.

There are also more customizable  options inside Focus modes, with an ability to silence notifications from apps and people, effectively adding the ability to not include notifications rather than only allow them as is the case in iOS 15.

These are some of the features of ios 16 we will see addition improvement in the next article

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